Peru Colonization and Economhy Discussion
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Olivia Loehr posted Jul 19, 2020 4:35 PM
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A Phase III survey is undertaken when environmental or economic constraints do not permit for the full preservation of a historic site. A Phase III survey intends to capture, document, and explain why a site is important in a larger historical context. The rationale behind a Phase III survey is this: even if an initial site is destroyed, or partially disrupted, it would be beneficial to have documentation carefully memorializing the function and features of the initial site. A Phase III survey emphasizes mitigation: “…the destruction of an important archaeological site is mitigated if a data recovery program or Phase III archaeological evaluation records enough information so that its complete or partial destruction will not result in the loss of a significant amount of archaeological data…” (“Phase III”, n.d.) It attempts to translate archaeological information regarding structures and features into a format which can more easily be stored, amidst a constantly developing landscape.
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The data recovery process which characterizes a Phase III survey can also be conducted in scenarios where a site has been looted or vandalized, or construction has already begun on a site which may be eligible for NHRP preserved places’ status (“Phase III”, n.d.).
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One example of Phase III survey is the work conducted regarding the “Old Coe Place”. The “Old Coe Place” was a former homestead and shoe-shop located in the middle of a developing area. A Phase III survey worked to catalogue the history of the structure, the artifacts found within the structure, and the importance of the structure in representing a particular era of human history. Then, the structure was presumably destroyed, and the development continued (“Phase III”, n.d.). In this way, though the destruction of the initial site consequential interference with the historical narrative of a site was not avoided, the Phase III survey was still able to procure and obtain important historical information from the site.
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Unlike a Phase II survey, a Phase III survey is not concerned with establishing NHRP eligibility. In many cases, it is not concerned with the preservation of the structure or site, itself. Instead, it concerns itself with gathering data on the site, and making decisions about how best to preserve some aspects of the site or feature, though the whole site may not necessarily be preserved.
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References:
undefinedhttp://acsarchaeology.com/phase-iii-data-recovery.html
